14 - Symmetry

Symmetry is a fundamental principle of the universe. Important scientific theories and mathematical formulas depend on symmetry. In a more practical everyday scenario; symmetry is observed and as a object or system of objects that are in an ordered and balanced state.

A person's health and beauty can often be gauged by the symmetry of their appearance.  A person with a pronounced asymmetry may often be suffering from a physical disability or illness.

Government buildings, courtrooms, palaces and places of worship are usually built with symmetry as this symbolizes order and balance.

A fold in reality

A photo with a symmetrical composition will have a central plane and each side of the plane holds the same significance and mirrors many basic elements. The plane of symmetry can be both horizontal or vertical. Symmetry can also be true symmetry, partial symmetry or a reflection.

A photo with a radial symmetry will contain a composition that can be mirrored by many planes as long as they cross the centre of the object. An example of this would be the a photo of a cathedral dome shot from directly below. The unbroken circle that forms the perimeter can be mirrored by an plane that crosses the central part of the dome.

Symmetry in photography

An image with a symmetrical composition will often have an inherent state of balance and order and as a result, have a calming pleasant influence on the viewer. In essence, there is just something right about a symmetrical image.

Symmetry is in my opinion often overlooked as it can directly contradict “the rule of thirds” (the most common rule of composition). As a result, symmetrical compositions in photography can be rare.

A symmetrical composition can also risk an image being static and somewhat boring if not composed correctly.

In summary:

• Symmetry contains a plane, the image is mirrored either side of the plane

  • true - photo of Taj Mahal etc

  • partial - symmetrical background with non symmetrical subject, person in a tunnel or on a bridge etc

  • reflection, photo of a reflective puddle in the street etc

  • radial, looking up at a cathedral dome from below

• Can have a calming and pleasant influence

• But can also be static and boring

• Somewhat underused in photography

Assignment: compose an image with symmetry as your primary composition.

Reading material:

https://expertphotography.com/symmetry-in-photography

https://fstoppers.com/architecture/take-your-time-composing-stronger-symmetry-photos-171106